Curbed continues to explore our awesome borough of The Bronx in their Bronx Week Coverage and this time they take a look at 3 cool and diverse neighborhood.
From the Grand Concourse to Bedford Park and over to City Island, if you’ve been following their coverage, you’ll notice a common theme: Diversity.
If anything unifies The Bronx it’s that which makes us so different and unique all the while making us the same.
Diversity is something we’re proud of and the fact that the United States Census declared The Bronx the most diverse County in America, it’s something worth fighting for and preserving.
Our nation is built on immigrants making us a microcosm of our country.
Check out these stories via Curbed:
Depending on who’s counting, there are more than 50 neighborhoods in The Bronx. At less than half the size of Queens, and over twice the size of Manhattan, The Bronx not only offers up topographic diversity—hello, City Island—but is also a place where old and new New York meet. Unlike other boroughs, its neighborhoods have been able to hold onto the characteristics that define them while still embracing change. Here, three Bronx dwellers tell us what they love, and don’t love, about their very different neighborhoods.
“Gentrification has slowly but surely begun to rear its ugly head,” Shannon Lee Gilstad, a Bedford Park resident and community activist says. But this “microcosm of New York City” still has a lot to offer. Speckled with Art Deco gems and the home of Lehman College, Bedford Park is the kind of New York City neighborhood where “the more things change, the more things stay the same.”
“City Island has a very small-town feel to it. I can’t even walk up the block to the deli without running into and talking with someone I know,” John Doyle, a 25-year neighborhood resident and member of the City Island Civic Association says.That small-town feel pervades the small neighborhood. “City Island has…been able to maintain its authenticity in times of change.” With that, it can feel slow to evolve—Doyle says they’re still waiting on FIOS.
Sam Goodman has been working as an urban planner for the office of the borough president for 15 years. He’s also a third-generation resident of the Bronx’s Grand Concourse neighborhood. Goodman praises the neighborhood as affordable and safe and full of parks. His one gripe? “The fact that I still need to take a subway ride if I want to buy a fresh loaf of Jewish rye bread that doesn’t come in a package.”
As part of Curbed’s continued articles on The Bronx for ‘Bronx Week’, today they take a look into the most expensive residential real estate for sale in The Bronx and we’re not surprised that ALL of them are located in Riverdale.
Check out what they have to say and head on over to the link at the end to see which “dream” homes made the list.
The Bronx is one of New York City’s most affordable boroughs, but the land of faux castles and inexpensive co-ops also has some pricier properties. Here, we’ve rounded up the ten most expensive listings on the market in the borough right now. Most of the houses are historic, many have been on the market for years and are now asking millions less, and more than you’d think have turrets. Read on.
Bronx Borough President Ruben Diaz Jr introduces Hillary Clinton.
At 3PM in the Co-op City neighborhood of The Bronx, one wouldn’t think that a presidential candidate, let alone of the stature of Hillary Clinton, was coming to the area for a political rally.
Roughly 50 people were standing in like compared to the thousands that were lined up for Bernie Sanders rally in St Mary’s Park two weeks ago.
That rally saw almost half of Co-op City’s population of 50,000 with about 18,500 supporters but here in the northeast Bronx only about 700 had gathered by 7:15PM just minutes before the event began.
Attendees were anxious and angry as they had to endure a long wait and many were seniors who couldn’t find seating and had to stand during the event.
“This is the worst political event I’ve ever attended,” shouted a woman in disgust as she was finally let into the auditorium and saw that seating was extremely limited.
And indeed this was acknowledged by NYS Senator Ruth Hassell-Thompson when she took the stage and asked folks to please be patient and she mentioned how her seniors, “had to wait outside.”
Unlike Bernie’s rally which only had one Bronx elected official—NYS Assemblyman Luis Sepulveda who is the only one endorsing Sanders—Hillary had a bevy of Bronx elected officials including Borough President Ruben Diaz Jr, Bronx Democratic Party chair Marcos Crespo, Congressman Eliot Engel, Councilman Andy King, and also NYS Assemblyman Michael Benedetto.
Councilman Andy King took jabs at Bernie Sanders calling him “BS”. The councilman also pleaded with millennials to vote for Hillary.
The last two took serious jabs at Bernie Sanders with Councilman King crassly calling Senator Bernie Sanders “BS” by his initials and stating that, “that’s all ‘the other’ candidate stands for…BS” which received a thunderous applause from the audience.
King pleaded with millennials—the group of voters that have overwhelmingly supported Sanders—to please consider voting for Hillary.
Finally, when Hillary was escorted on stage by Ruben Diaz Jr, the crowd was so anxious that several shouted for him to, “LET HER SPEAK!” to which he quipped, “Let your borough president say a few things before the next president of The United States speaks”.
Hillary Clinton spoke for perhaps 15-20 minutes which was much shorter than her Democratic rival and during her speech she emphasized her ties to The Bronx and New York but for someone who often tries to be a separate person from her husband and President Bill Clinton, she referred to his campaigning in The Bronx several times.
But one thing’s for sure is that The Bronx has all of a sudden become an unlikely rallying point during the weeks leading up to New York State’s primary on April 19th.
Never in our borough’s history have so many candidates flocked to The Bronx, and in the case of Bernie Sanders and Hillary Clinton, let alone multiple times.
However, it is only to those not familiar with the Bronx narrative that would actually believe that our borough would play an unlikely role in the election of our nation’s president in 2016.
Democratic Presidential Candidate Hillary Clinton speaks to about 700 individuals in Co-op city.
You see, The Bronx’s story is as American as it gets. It’s one filled with a golden era, a great decline, and a transformative rebirth by the resiliency of its people.
If we were a city in our own right, we’d be the 9th largest in America and that’s nothing to sneeze at. The Bronx is often referred to as the most Democratic county in the nation and indeed The Bronx delivered the highest percentage of votes to Obama than any other county in the country.
Next week’s primary election will be interesting and will go down in history. Who will the victor be? One never knows even though polls have Hillary Clinton ahead of Bernie Sanders, however, Sanders has eaten away considerably at her lead.
Congressman Eliot Engel
Seniors were the most visible demographic in Co-Op city’s rally for Hillary.
NYS Senator Ruth Hassell-Thompson asks crowd to be patient.
Councilman Andy King took jabs at Bernie Sanders calling him “BS”. The councilman also pleaded with millennials to vote for Hillary.
Bronx Borough President Ruben Diaz Jr introduces Hillary Clinton.
Democratic Presidential Candidate Hillary Clinton speaks to about 700 individuals in Co-op city.
As part of Curbed’s Bronx Week coverage, they’ve come up with the top ten underrated parks in our beautiful borough. Check out the link below and let us know which are YOUR favorite green spots in The Bronx
The Bronx is positively teeming with green space, with two of the city’s largest parks—Pelham Bay, which clocks in at a massive 2,772 acres, and the slightly smaller Van Cortlandt—situated within its borders. But those big parks aren’t the only reason to head to the borough: The Bronx is full of smaller, less crowded spots where you can relax, sunbathe, play sports, or whatever your heart desires. Here are 10 of those spaces, including a former concrete plant in the South Bronx and a onetime reservoir further north.
Still for landmark consideration by Landmarks Preservation Commission is Immaculate Conception Church in Melrose along with its Rectory and Convent.
New York City’s Landmark Preservation Commission voted today to grant landmark status to 165 Schofield on City Island and put off a vote for Immaculate Conception Church in Melrose for a later date.
This is a victory for the people of The Bronx to be able to hold on to two precious landmarks and part of Bronx history. Although LPC did not vote on landmarking Immaculate Conception, they will eventually do so on a later date according to sources at LPC.
One of the reasons the vote has been delayed was due to concerns of the parishioners who claim that a landmark status will place undue financial burden on the church.
However, according to folks involved with the landmarking process LPC recognizes financial hardships and does not push an institution to go for the costlier of repairs that may be needed.
Personally, we’re staunch supporters of landmarking Immaculate Conception in Melrose due to its historical significance and the fact that too many churches have been demolished in recent years including St Augustine in Morrisania which will now be “affordable” housing.
Immaculate Conception Church has been on Landmark’s calendar of properties to consider for landmarking since 1980 and had been one of the few to make the cut when LPC cleared the list of properties that had been sitting on their calendar for decades.
Schofield House on City Island/Image via Theodore Grunewald
As for City Island’s win, Schofield House has been on the calendar since 2009 and finally the commission has voted to bestow landmark status on this historic property.
According to Historic District Council:
“City Island is an area of New York City that truly stands out as unusual, a small maritime community that has been embraced but not engulfed by the urban sprawl of the larger city. As noted in the AIA Guide to New York City, 4th Edition, “on the streets that run perpendicular to the fishbone spine of City Island Avenue are more than a handful of distinguished older houses…65 Schofield Street, serene and peeling, seems a candidate for a Hopper painting: austere, venerable, self-confident.” This building is a remarkable example of Italianate farmhouse design, characterized by a square plan, tall windows, flat roof with an overhanging cornice and elaborate brackets. The building’s most striking feature is the one-story porch which runs across the width of the building. Fantastically, the main body of the house is still clad in its original wood clapboard, which, admittedly, is in desperate need of repair, but serves to evoke a sense of architectural antiquity in a way much more common to small New England towns than The Bronx. Aside from its obvious architectural excellence, research has uncovered direct connections between this building and the Pell and Schofield families, prominent families who were deeply involved with the development of City Island. This building is, frankly, an obvious landmark on all counts and should be protected in order to maintain its integrity as a visible, prominent link to City Island’s past.”
Thanks to everyone who’s worked hard on preserving our past for future generations.
Last November, 150,000 daffodil bulbs were planted at The New York Botanical Garden as part of their effort to create New York’s, “…most extensive display of daffodils,” spread across 4 acres and eventually totalling 1 million bulbs.
Now you can enjoy the resulting blooms along with some serious wine tasting on Saturday, April 23rd and Sunday, April 24th from Noon to 5PM.
NYBG writes:
“The new plantings will enhance and complement the existing plantings at Daffodil Hill, which date from the 1920s and include heirloom varieties no longer available in the nursery trade. Working closely with renowned bulb expert Brent Heath, Senior Curator Kristin Schleiter and landscape architect Shavaun Towers have developed an elegant design that features large masses of daffodils that naturalize well in our climate and soils. Towers has designed a network of grass paths that navigate the site’s varied topography and pass through fields of flowers that extend as far as the eye can see. Gathering areas set within the daffodils will provide the perfect opportunity for picnics and the ideal setting for photographs.”
And what better way to enjoy the splendor of nature at NYBG and the daffodil experience than with a wine tasting? I can’t think of a better way to enjoy the beautiful outdoors.
This year, local New York State wineries will be serving up a variety of their wines making it easier (not to mention closer, and cheaper) to enjoy such a wide selection.
Welcome2TheBronx is happy to be part of Curbed’s first-ever Bronx Week Coverage which was launched today. The series takes a dive into our ever changing borough and what makes us tick. Thanks to the folks at Curbed for asking us to be a part of their launch!
Curbed decided to look at the state of the Bronx, we knew that talking to people who are actively involved in the fight for the borough’s future was a must—and who better to do that then some of the most passionate Bronxites around? Read on for interviews with notable Bronx boosters, including borough president Ruben Diaz Jr., to get a sense of what’s happening in the Bronx right now, and what the future holds for this rapidly changing borough.
Bronx Borough president Ruben Diaz Jr.
“Once upon a time, nobody wanted to come to the Bronx, and many of the folks who complain about it now were the same ones who complained that we didn’t have nice restaurants, that we didn’t have a pleasurable shopping experience, that the Bronx is full of crime. These are all the things I think are part of my responsibility—to build up the borough—and so with that, you’re going to see more and more interest, you’re going to see more and more development.
“Life isn’t perfect here, but I try to stay away from the negative and always speak of the positive accomplishments. [We’ve] been beaten down for so long that it almost seems like maybe the Bronxites don’t feel like they deserve any better. You know? So we’ve been changing the mindset, we’ve been changing the spirit of the people of the Bronx. People are feeling better about the borough, they want to live here.”
Nancy Biberman, co-founder and executive director, WHEDco
“I think the Bronx is moving in a great direction. It’s so vastly different than [it was] 25 years ago, where you really walked block after block and you’d see one abandoned home next to another and there was hardly any evidence of people on the street. You cannot say that today. The population has increased dramatically. There’s so many other measures we looked at to see improvements. There is improvement in the schools. The parks are continually being improved and people are using them, they’re safe, which is not something you could say even ten years ago.
“That’s the difference. People feel safer, they are safer. It’s prettier. I think there is a palpable feel and look to the place which is a community definitely moving in a positive direction.”
Ed García Conde, founder and editor, Welcome2TheBronx
“I don’t think development is necessarily a bad thing. My problem with development is when it turns into displacement, and what we’re seeing now is interest that will displace the current population. A lot of these developers don’t really care about the residents and they’re looking to turn profit. A lot of the questions about [new] developments are, “Is it for us? Is it for the majority of the people?” And it clearly isn’t.
‘The focus is no longer on keeping existing residents and growing families in the Bronx. It’s starting to bring a whole different demographic from the outside, which is really just the people who can no longer afford Manhattan or Brooklyn, and parts of Queens.”
Welcome2TheBronx has been notified by Bronx Community College officials that Bernie Sanders will be coming to the campus.
So yes it’s short notice but Bernie Sanders is coming back to The Bronx after last week’s massively successful rally in our borough at St Mary’s Park in Mott Haven.
Sanders will be coming to Bronx Community College in University Heights at the historic Gould Memorial Library tomorrow, Saturday April 9th at 1:30PM.
Join Bernie Sanders for a rally in University Heights, New York
This event is free and open to the public. Tickets are not required, but RSVPs are strongly encouraged. Admission is first come, first served. Crowd entrance located via main entrance of auditorium.
For security reasons, please do not bring bags and limit what you bring to small, personal items like keys and cell phones. Weapons, sharp objects, chairs, and signs or banners on sticks will not be allowed through security. Free parking is available on-site in student parking lots, public transportation is also encouraged.
This is pretty big for a presidential candidate to not only come to The Bronx but come back so quickly after one event.
So far, Democratic candidate Senator Bernie Sanders has been the only one to have a massive turnout of support. Ted Cruz received the boot from a school after students wrote an eloquent letter on how they would perform an act of civil disobedience if Cruz was allowed to speak. Then Cruz was protested at Sabrosura 2 by Rebel Diaz.
Yesterday, Hillary Clinton rode the subway for two stops in The Bronx in a very transparent publicity stunt as was John Kasich, Republican presidential candidate and governor of Ohio who showed up to Mike’s Deli on Arthur Avenue in Little Italy.
All of these candidates are clearly pandering so hard with little to no genuine interest in the People of The Bronx.
On the contrary, Senator Bernie Sanders came to The Bronx 3 years ago to learn how Urban Health Plan so successfully provides health care to the poor AND his campaign has been very active in our borough since last year—they didn’t just show up overnight for our votes.
Are you ready for tomorrow’s rally?
Bronx Community College is located at 2155 Univeristy Avenue and get your hiking boots to clime up hills to get to the campus (did you know it was once part of NYU?) You can take Metro North to Morris Heights or University Heights station or the 4 train Burnside or 183rd stations (you can also take the B/D train to 182nd/183rd streets but expect to hike over a long walk). The following buses will also take you to BCC: 3, 12, 18, 32, 40, 42.
Check out our gallery from The Bronx’s St Mary’s Park Bernie Rally:
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
The Bronx Obama endorsing Bernie Sanders at Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
NYS Assemblyman Luis Sepulveda of The Bronx speaks against the Bronx Democratic Machine which told him he had to endorse Hillary Clinton—which he refused to do.
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Actress Rosario Dawson at Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Spike Lee at Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Bernie Sander’s wife, Jane O’Meara Sanders watches her husband intently at Bronx Bernie Sanders Rally in St Mary’s Park
Hey, presidential candidates! We see (right through) you.
Just like a circus clown car, the politicians running for president won’t stop popping up in The Bronx with 3 making appearances in our borough after Bernie Sanders took our borough by storm a week ago.
And now John Kasich, the Republican Governor of Ohio has joined the crew who chowed down on the Italian delights of Arthur Avenue at Mike’s Deli.
The funny thing about all of this is that none of them cared about our borough until Bernie Sanders’ massive rally a week ago which drew an estimated crowd of 18,500.
Kasich was the only one that drew folks in at an estimated 200 supporters while Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton held what was described as a “private, spontaneous press event” this morning when she rode the 4 train with Bronx Borough President Ruben Diaz Jr.
The only one that really seems genuinely interested in The Bronx is Bernie Sanders who actually came to our borough 3 years ago to learn more about a wonderful health care institution called Urban Health Plan.
Besides that, Team Bernie has been hard at work in The Bronx since 2015 and aren’t just arriving on the scene because the New York primary is less than two weeks away. Sanders also has a Bronx office on Williamsbridge Road so unlike the rest he as some roots firmly planted here in our borough.
Clinton, Cruz, Kasich? Not so much.
Now all we need is Trump to show up to complete the crew of politicians filing into The Bronx playing follow the leader after Bernie’s superstar welcome to The Bronx.
The reality of this is that none of these politicians have shown an ounce of care for our borough and now that they got their photo-ops, they’ll probably never come back or even remotely care about what happens to The Bronx.
Their visits right after last week’s huge political rally is such a stark contrast with that energy and vibrancy at the St Mary’s park event in the South Bronx is so transparent and obvious pandering that it’s beyond nauseating: It’s downright frustrating to see them use us.
Luckily, Bronxites are a lot smarter than these politicians think and they see right through these tactics.
Instead of the Donald, it was Ted Cruz who came to our borough with disastrous results as he was confronted by Rebel Diaz and asked why would he come to a borough that is a borough of immigrants considering his anti-immigration platform.
Not to mention that several students at a local high school forced administration to reconsider allowing Ted Cruz to speak at the school.
Today, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton rode the subway with our Bronx Borough President Ruben Diaz Jr who seemed to practically drool over being with Clinton. The duo, along with secret service and others, got on the 4 train at 161st Street/Yankee Stadium.
You thought your commute was crowded? Try riding the train with Hillary Clinton:
It appears The Bronx is the new battleground for the presidency when it comes to New York. I don’t recall in recent memory so much action in our borough from so many different candidates during one election cycle.
Hillary points out Sanders’ comment on subway tokens but she can’t even swipe her Metro Card so she’s not one to talk. If she really rides the subway she would know how to work that card on the first try!
Politicians, just like us. The struggle is real for Hillary Clinton when her NYC subway card doesn’t work on the first try. Happens to all of us. cnnpolitics.com
After almost 20 years of pushing for a greener, safer, and more sustainable community, The Point CDC (and the rest of the community) are celebrating the allocation of $97 million in New York State’s recently approved budget to begin converting the ugly Sheridan Expressway into a beautiful, green boulevard along The Bronx River.
The 1.29 mile connector was built in 1962 with the original intention of extending up to Co-op City, however, that never happened and its very existence has been questioned and called redundant and unnecessary in a community already choked with deadly fumes from vehicular traffic.
Already the community suffers from some of the highest rates of asthma in the nation but this conversion will hopefully ameliorate the situation.
As it stands, thousands are cut off from The Bronx River by the Sheridan but once converted, it will be akin the West Side Highway which was transformed into beautiful, greenlined boulevard from the craggy, industrial artery that it was.
Renderings of the 1,300 unit Compass Residences going up along the Sheridan Expressway
The need for conversion is even greater now after the West Farms Rezoning went into effect spurring construction of over 1,000 affordable housing units at what is being called The Compass Residences.
The $97 million is only part of the cost and original estimates placed it at upwards of $120 million 3 years ago but it’s more than likely to have risen exponentially in cost.
Originally, the community and local activists called for the removal of Transportation Sheridan completely but a study released by the city indicated that traffic would only worsen as it spilled onto local roadways if removed.
That’s where the boulevard comes in along with adding a ramp that would lead traffic straight into Hunts Point reducing travel through residential streets and would be located at Longwood Avenue.
The conversion into a boulevard will be limited to the at-grade section above Westchester Avenue since South of that it dips below-grade as it begins to rise and connect with the Bruckner.
These monies are part of $288 million budgeted for the rehabilitation of these two major thoroughfares in the South Bronx.
The victory is a sweet one and yet further illustrates the importance of advocacy and activism in our borough. It’s a reminder that often times we fight for things that won’t happen overnight but over the span of years and even decades so that we can leave The Bronx a better place than we inherited it from the previous generations.
Students Malaika Mataba and Shula Shelby wrote the following letter which school officials simply couldn’t ignore:
Hello Ms. Duggins,
A group of students will be leaving during 4th period, as act of civil disobedience in regards to the arrival of Ted Cruz to BLCPA. We have all considered the consequences of our actions and are willing to accept them. We respect you and all the staff at BLCPA as well as the expected guests. But we want you to understand that as passionate students, we have ideas and principles that should be heard and respected. This walk out isn’t a reflection of our discontent with BLCPA but our opportunity to stand up for our community and future. This walk out is taking place because we as students all share a common idea.
The presence of Ted Cruz and the ideas he stands for are offensive. His views are against ours and are actively working to harm us, our community, and the people we love. He is misogynistic, homophobic, and racist. He has used vulgar language, gestures, and profanity directed at a scholar and staff members, along with harassing and posing threats to staff and scholars according to the Disciplinary Referral slip. This is not to be taken kiddingly or as a joke. We are students who feel the need and right to not be passive to such disrespect.
Regardless of your political affiliations, these students should be commended for standing up for what they believe in and ready to carry out an act of civil disobedience in the face of persecution. Our nation was founded by many acts of civil disobedience so we cannot be hypocritical in selecting which acts we think are worthy of praise.
Kudos to the students of BLCPA for standing up for what you believe in. This is what democracy looks like.